CRR Case Summaries and Entity-specific Press Notices

The FRC publishes, on a quarterly basis, summaries of its findings from recently closed reviews that resulted in a substantive question to a company (‘Case Summaries’). In addition, it publishes the names of companies whose reviews were closed in the previous quarter without the need for a substantive question. No Case Summary is prepared for such reviews.

Case Summaries, which are available for cases closed in the quarter ending March 2021 onwards, are included in the table below. As, currently, the FRC is subject to existing legal restrictions on disclosing confidential information received from a company, the Case Summaries can only be disclosed with the company's consent. Where consent has been withheld by the company, that fact is disclosed in the table.

From March 2018 until March 2021, the FRC published the names of companies whose reviews were closed in the previous quarter but did not prepare Case Summaries. However, on an exceptional basis, specific cases may be publicised through entity-specific Press Notices, which can also be found in the table below.

The FRC’s reviews are based solely on the company’s annual report and accounts (or interim reports) and do not benefit from detailed knowledge of the company’s business or an understanding of the underlying transactions entered into. They are, however, conducted by staff of the FRC who have an understanding of the relevant legal and accounting framework. The FRC’s correspondence with the company provides no assurance that the annual report and accounts (or interim reports) are correct in all material respects; the FRC’s role is not to verify the information provided but to consider compliance with reporting requirements. The FRC’s correspondence is written on the basis that the FRC (which includes the FRC’s officers, employees and agents) accepts no liability for reliance on its letters or Case Summaries by the company or any third party, including but not limited to investors and shareholders.

Key

  1. Only a certain number of CRR’s reviews result in substantive questioning of the Board. Matters raised may cover questions of recognition, measurement and/or disclosure.
  2. CRR’s routine reviews of companies’ annual reports and accounts generally cover all parts over which the FRC has statutory powers (that is, strategic reports, directors’ reports and financial statements). Similarly, CRR’s routine reviews of companies’ interim reports will generally cover all information in that document. Limited scope reviews arise for a number of reasons, including those conducted when a company’s annual report and accounts or interim report are selected for thematic review or reviews that have been prompted by a complaint. In accordance with the FRC's Operating Procedures, for Corporate Reporting Review, CRR does not identify those companies whose reviews were prompted by a complaint.
  3. The FRC may ask a company to refer to its exchanges with CRR when the company makes a change to a significant aspect of its annual report and accounts or interim report in response to a review.
  4. Case closed after 1 January 2021 but performed under operating procedures that did not allow for the publication of Case Summaries.
  5. From the quarter ended June 2023, the FRC started identifying the auditor of the annual report and accounts, or the audit firm that issued a review report on the interim report, that was the subject of the CRR review. This information was also back-dated for closed cases publicised from the quarter ended September 2022. Cases marked N/A relate to those published prior to September 2022 or interim reviews that did not have a review opinion.’

Case Summaries

CRR Case Summaries and Entity-specific Press Notices (Excel version)

1767 case summaries
Entity OCS Group Topco Limited (3)
Balance Sheet Date 31 December 2024
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) Yes
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) Ernst & Young LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice

Factoring of trade receivables

We asked the company to explain the accounting treatment applied to its debt factoring arrangement under IFRS 9, ‘Financial Instruments’, and for an explanation of certain related disclosures. The company provided satisfactory explanations and agreed to amend, in its next annual report and accounts, the accounting policy for trade receivables and the related note to clarify the accounting treatment applied.

We also queried the treatment in the cash flow statement of non-cash interest and fees associated with the factoring arrangement. The company acknowledged that related cash flows had incorrectly included the effect of these non-cash items and decided to restate the comparative amounts in its 2025 annual report and accounts. The company also confirmed its intent to disclose that the matter had come to its attention as a result of our enquiry.

Entity Optima Health PLC (3)
Balance Sheet Date 31 March 2025
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) Yes
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) RSM UK Audit LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice

Distributable profits and distributions

We asked the company to explain the basis on which the directors satisfied themselves that the parent company had sufficient distributable reserves before paying an interim dividend in 2024. The company provided a satisfactory response and will rectify its disclosure on the capital contribution reserve, which had been incorrectly described as fully distributable, in its 2026 financial statements.

The company also acknowledged that certain transfers of investments in subsidiaries made prior to March 2024 had been recorded incorrectly in the parent company financial statements. The company will restate the comparative figures in its 2026 annual report and accounts and disclose the fact that the matter came to its attention as a result of our enquiry.

Entity Pets At Home Group Plc
Balance Sheet Date 9 October 2025
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) No
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) Deloitte LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice N/A
Entity PZ Cussons Plc
Balance Sheet Date 31 May 2025
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) No
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice N/A
Entity Quartix Technologies plc (3)
Balance Sheet Date 31 December 2024
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) Yes
Scope of Review (2) Limited
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) PKF Littlejohn LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice

Tracker unit hardware

We asked the company to explain the basis for accounting for installed and uninstalled tracker units as costs to fulfil a contract under IFRS 15, ‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers’ and inventory, respectively, as these units appeared to have met the definition of property, plant and equipment (PP&E). The company reconsidered its treatment and concluded that these items meet the definition of PP&E, as they are dedicated to the supply of company’s telematics services, the company has the ability to disconnect and reconnect them, they are expected to be used for more than one period and may be redeployed between customers.

The company agreed to restate the comparative amounts in the consolidated balance sheet in its 2025 annual report and accounts, and also to make consequential changes to the consolidated income statement and the consolidated statement of cashflows.

Replacement provision

We asked the company about the basis for recognising a provision for upgrading tracker units from 2G to 4G in France, as it appeared to represent costs that need to be incurred to operate in future, for which no provision should be recognised. The company agreed to reverse the provision.

As both of the above matters resulted in changes to the primary statements, we asked the company to disclose that they had come to its attention as a result of our enquiry.

Entity RS Group plc
Balance Sheet Date 31 March 2025
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) Yes
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) Deloitte LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice

Direct pass-through costs relating to outsourced services provided to customers

We asked the company to explain the nature of the £42.6m of ‘direct pass‑through costs’ included in cost of sales, given that its accounting policy stated that it does not recognise the value of products sourced on behalf of customers in revenue or cost of sales because it acts as an agent in such transactions. The company clarified that these costs represent its own expenses incurred in providing, as principal, certain services to customers, rather than supplier charges passed on to customers. It acknowledged that the description used for these costs in 2025 could give rise to ambiguity and agreed to use a more precise description in its next report.

Revenues earned from arranging freight services

The accounting policies explained that, where the company arranges for a delivery company to deliver goods to customers, customer invoices include an amount to cover freight costs, and such amounts are included in revenue. We asked for additional information to enable us to understand how recognising the freight amounts as revenue was consistent with IFRS 15, ‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers’.

We closed our enquiries after the company explained that it had determined that arranging delivery represents a separate performance obligation and confirmed that it would update its next accounts to explain that its policy is to recognise the net commission earned from such arrangements as revenue.

Entity SSE plc
Balance Sheet Date 30 September 2025
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) No
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) Ernst & Young LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice N/A
Entity Technology Minerals Plc (3)
Balance Sheet Date 30 June 2023
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) Yes
Scope of Review (2) Limited
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) PKF Littlejohn LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice Consent withheld
Entity Thales UK Limited
Balance Sheet Date 31 December 2024
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) Yes
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) Forvis Mazars LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice

Deferred tax asset

We asked the company to explain why the pension-related deferred tax asset was higher than the associated net pension liability. The company explained that the asset reflected future tax deductions arising from the pension buy-out and its assessment of the asset’s future recoverability. The company agreed to include additional disclosures in its FY25 annual report and accounts.

Entity The Berkeley Group Holdings plc
Balance Sheet Date 30 April 2025
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) Yes
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) KPMG LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice

Accounting for community contributions including affordable housing subsidies

We asked the company to clarify the accounting treatment of the £580 million of community contributions disclosed in the Strategic Report, as it was not clear from the financial statements how the related costs were recognised. The company provided a satisfactory response, explaining that the amount represented a non‑financial KPI reflecting the total value of community and infrastructure benefits committed to under Section 106 planning agreements during the year, together with the affordable housing subsidy, which represented a deemed opportunity cost. The company noted its intention to review the definition of this non‑financial KPI in its 2026 annual report.

The company also confirmed that actual costs associated with Section 106 commitments are recognised within inventories as development costs and allocated to individual units based on estimated site margin for the purposes of determining the cost of sales.

Entity THG PLC
Balance Sheet Date 31 December 2024
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) Yes
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) Ernst & Young LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice Consent withheld
Entity UK Oil & Gas Plc (3)
Balance Sheet Date 30 September 2023
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) Yes
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) PKF Littlejohn LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice

Decommissioning provision

We noted an inconsistency between the disclosure in the notes to the accounts and the accounting policy regarding the rate used to discount the decommissioning provision at 30 September 2023. In addition, calculation of the provision was identified as a critical accounting judgement and source of estimation uncertainty yet information about the related key assumptions, sensitivities or a range of reasonably possible outcomes had not been provided. We asked the company to provide details of the calculation of the provision and to clarify the discount rate used.

The company provided the information requested and agreed to enhance the disclosure in subsequent annual reports and accounts. We were not persuaded that the discount rate of 10% applied by the company was appropriate as it is generally difficult to justify discounting a provision at a rate that is higher than a risk-free rate. This is because, when discounting liabilities, adjusting for risks that have not been reflected in the cash flows should reduce the risk-free rate. However, the difference between using a discount rate of 10% compared to the corresponding risk-free rate was not considered to be material. We therefore concluded that it would not be proportionate for us to pursue this matter further in respect of the 2023 annual report and accounts but notified the company that we would review this matter in the 2024 annual report and accounts. The results of this review are presented separately in the case summary for the year ended 30 September 2024.

Impairment review of oil and gas assets

The company disclosed that a discount rate of 2.79% had been used in the impairment review of oil and gas assets for the year ended 30 September 2023. We asked the company to explain how this rate reflected current market assessments of the time value of money and asset specific risks. The company confirmed that no impairment would have been recognised using a higher discount rate but did agree to use a more representative rate in future impairment calculations.

Recognition and measurement of convertible loan

We asked the company to explain why a convertible loan was recognised in full as a liability rather than as a compound instrument. The company explained that the equity component of the loan was not considered to be material. In addition, the loan was fully repaid during the year ended 30 September 2024. As there were no implications for subsequent annual reports and accounts, we closed our enquiry.

Deferred tax on property, plant and equipment

We asked the company to explain why deferred tax had not been recognised in respect of property, plant and equipment. The company provided a satisfactory response and agreed to enhance the disclosure in the annual report and accounts for the year ended 30 September 2024.

Entity UK Oil & Gas Plc (3)
Balance Sheet Date 30 September 2024
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) Yes
Scope of Review (2) Limited
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) PKF Littlejohn LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice

Decommissioning provision

In the annual report and accounts for the year ended 30 September 2024, the company used a rate of 16% to discount the decommissioning provision. We asked the company to explain why the rate had increased rather than decreased compared to a discount rate of 10% used in the previous year. The company confirmed that this was an error and a risk-free rate should have been used. The company agreed to restate the comparative figures in its 2025 annual report and accounts and to disclose the fact that this matter had come to its attention as result of the FRC’s enquiries.

Entity Volution Group plc
Balance Sheet Date 31 July 2025
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) Yes
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice

Consolidated statement of cash flows

We queried the basis for classifying a payment of contingent consideration, as an operating cash flow, in the consolidated statement of cash flows. The company acknowledged that, as no part of the payment exceeded the value of the consideration liability initially recognised on acquisition, it should have been classified as an investing cash flow. The company’s preliminary assessment is that the amount will not be material in the context of the 2026 annual report and accounts. However, the company agreed to restate the comparative figures, should this assessment change, and also to disclose its accounting policy for classifying contingent consideration payments within the consolidated statement of cash flows.

Entity Zegona Communications plc
Balance Sheet Date 31 March 2025
Exchange of Substantive Letters (1) No
Scope of Review (2) Full
Quarter Published June 2026
Auditor (5) Ernst & Young LLP
Case Summary / Press Notice N/A